Camille Pissarro
Camille Pissarro
Camille Pissarro (10 July 1830 – 13 November 1903) was a French Impressionist painter. His importance resides not only in his visual contributions to Impressionism and Post-Impressionism, but also in his patriarchal standing among his colleagues, particularly Paul Cézanne and Paul Gauguin.
Jacob-Abraham-Camille Pissarro was born at Charlotte Amalie (St. Thomas), Virgin Islands, to Abraham Gabriel Pissarro, a Portuguese Sephardic Jew, and Rachel Manzano-Pomié, from the Dominican Republic. Pissarro lived in St. Thomas until age 12, when he went to a boarding school in Paris. He returned to St. Thomas, where he drew in his free time. Pissarro was attracted to anarchism, an attraction that may have originated during his years in St. Thomas. In 1852, he traveled to Venezuela with the Danish artist Fritz Melbye. In 1855, Pissarro left for Paris, where he studied at various academic institutions (including the École des Beaux-Arts and Académie Suisse) and under a succession of masters such as Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, Gustave Courbet, and Charles-François Daubigny. Corot is sometimes considered Pissarro’s most important early influence. Pissarro listed himself as Corot’s pupil in the catalogues to the 1864 and 1865 Paris Salons.
The Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71 compelled Pissarro to flee his home in Louveciennes in September 1870. He returned in June 1871 to find that the house, and along with it many of his early paintings, had been destroyed by Prussian soldiers. Initially his family was taken in by a fellow artist in Montfoucault, but by December 1870 they had taken refuge in London and settled at Westow Hill in Upper Norwood (today better known as Crystal Palace).
Pissarro painted rural and urban French life, particularly landscapes in and around Pontoise, as well as scenes from Montmartre. Pissarro experimented with Neo-Impressionist ideas between 1885 and 1890. Discontented with what he referred to as “romantic Impressionism,” he investigated Pointillism which he called “scientific Impressionism” before returning to a purer Impressionism in the last decade of his life.
He died in Paris on 13 November 1903 and was buried in Père Lachaise Cemetery.
Self-portrait, 1873
Oil on canvas,
Musée d’Orsay, Paris, France ▼
Jallais Hill, Pontoise, 1867
Oil on canvas,
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA ▼
Chennevieres au bord de la Marne, 1865
Oil on canvas,
National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh, UK ▼
L’Hermitage, 1868
Oil on canvas,
Solomon R.Guggenheim Museum, New York, USA ▼
La Route de versailles a Louveciennes, 1869
Oil on canvas,
The Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore, MD, USA ▼
La route de Versailles a Louveciennes, 1870
Oil on canvas,
Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute, Williamson MA, USA ▼
Spring in Louveciennes, 1870
Oil on canvas,
The National Gallery, London, UK ▼
The road from Versailles at Louveciennes, 1870
Oil on canvas,
Foundation E.G. Bührle collection, Zurich, Switzerland ▼
Chestnut trees at Louveciennes, 1872
Oil on canvas,
Musée d’Orsay, Paris, France ▼
Orchard in blossom, Louveciennes, 1872
Oil on canvas,
The National Gallery of Art, Washington DC, USA ▼
Entrance to the village of Voisins, 1872
Oil on canvas,
Musée d’Orsay, Paris, France ▼
The road to Louveciennes, 1872
Oil on canvas,
Musée d’Orsay, Paris, France ▼
Hoarfrost, 1873
Oil on canvas,
Musée d’Orsay, Paris, France ▼
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Town garden in Pontoise, 1873
Oil on canvas,
Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia. ▼
A cowherd at Pontoise, 1874
Oil on canvas,
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA ▼
The hermitage at Pontoise, 1874
Oil on canvas,
Oscar Reinhart Collection, Winterthur, Switzerland ▼
Harvest at Montfoucault, 1876
Oil on canvas,
Musée d’Orsay, Paris, France ▼
La Côte des Boeufs at the hermitage near Pontoise, 1877
Oil on canvas,
National Gallery, London, UK ▼
The woodcutter, 1879
Oil on canvas,
The Robert Homes a Court Collection, Perth, UK ▼
Landscape at Chaponval, 1880
Oil on canvas,
Musée d’Orsay, Paris, France ▼
The washerwoman, 1880
Oil on canvas,
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
New York, USA ▼
The wheelbarrow, 1881
Oil on canvas,
Musée d’Orsay, Paris, France ▼
The shepherdess, 1881
Oil on canvas,
Musée d’Orsay, Paris, France ▼
Woman and child at a well, 1882
Oil on canvas,
Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, USA ▼
Poultry market at Pontoise, 1882
Oil on canvas,
Collection E.V. Thaw and Co., Inc ▼
Apple picking, 1886
Oil on canvas,
Ohara Museum of Art, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan ▼
View from the artist’s window at Eragny, 1888
Oil on canvas,
Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, UK ▼
Woman hanging laundry, 1887
Oil on canvas,
Musée d’Orsay, Paris, France ▼
The chat, 1892
Oil on canvas,
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA ▼
Woman with green scarf, 1893
Oil on canvas,
Musée d’Orsay, Paris, France ▼
The Boieldiieu Bridge at Rouen, setting Sun, foggy weather, 1896
Oil on canvas,
Musée d’Orsay, Paris, France ▼
Morning, overcast weather, Rouen, 1896
Oil on canvas,
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA ▼
The boulevard Montmartre on a cloudy morning, 1897
Oil on canvas,
National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne, Australia ▼
The boulevard montmartre on a winter morning, 1897
Oil on canvas,
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA ▼
The boulevard Montmartre at night, 1897
Oil on canvas,
National Gallery, London, UK ▼
Boulevard Montmartre on a sunny afternoon, 1897
Oil on canvas,
The Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia ▼
The old market-place in Rouen and the rue de l’Epicerie, 1898
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA ▼
Place du Théâtre-Français, 1898
Oil on canvas,
The Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia ▼
The Tuileries gardens in rain, 1899
Oil on canvas,
Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, UK ▼
Still-life with a coffee pot, 1900
Oil on canvas,
Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia. ▼
Gardens of Tuileries, 1900
Oil on canvas,
Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia ▼
The church of St. Jacques at Dieppe, 1901
Oil on canvas,
Musée d’Orsay, Paris, France ▼
The fair at Dieppe. Sunny morning, 1901
Oil on canvas,
Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia. ▼
A Pont-Neuf, 1902
Oil on canvas,
Szépmüvészeti Museum, Budapest, Hungary ▼
Quay of Malaquais in the sunny afternoon, 1903
Oil on canvas,
Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia. ▼
Rye fields at Pontoise. Côte des Mathurins
Oil on canvas, Private collection ▼
The red roofs
Oil on canvas,
Musée d’Orsay, Paris, France ▼
The train, Bedford Park
Oil on canvas, Private collection ▼
Lacroix Island, Rouen, in fog
Oil on canvas,
Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, USA ▼
